Lapho uqala ukuhlela ngolimi olufana ne-C ++ noma iJava, into yokuqala efundiswayo yindlela eyinhloko, iphuzu uhlelo lokusebenza oluzolibiza lapho siqala uhlelo lwethu lokusebenza.
Ku-Android ayikho indlela eyinhloko enjalo, kepha kunezindlela eziningana zomsebenzi wethu ezizobizwa nge-SSOO lapho zenzeka imicimbi ebalulekile. Kulesi sahluko sizofunda ngokujulile ukuthi leyo micimbi iyini, nokuthi isebenza kanjani. umjikelezo ophelele womsebenzi ye-Android. Imibhalo esemthethweni inikeza incazelo ebanzi ngalesi sihloko, lapha sizofunda ngezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kanye namaphutha athile ajwayelekile lapho uziphatha.
Umjikelezo wempilo we-Android ulandela lolu hlelo:
Imicimbi yomjikelezo wempilo
- I-onCreate (Inqwaba)
- Imelela umzuzu lapho umsebenzi wenziwe. Le ndlela imvamisa izokhiqizwa yilo wizadi lapho idala umsebenzi omusha ku-Android, futhi yilapho esizokwakha khona konke umsebenzi ozokudinga. Uma ngaphambilini silondoloze idatha yomsebenzi entweni yenqwaba, singayisebenzisa ukuyivuselela. Imvamisa ngeke siyisebenzise.
- i-onStart ()
- Umsebenzi uzoqhubeka uye ube esibukweni, yize kungabonakali ngempela. Uma sivela esitobhini, sizodlula ku-onRestart () kuqala.
- ukuqala kabusha ()
- Ngaphambi kwe-onStart () lapho sivela kukholi siye ku-onStop ().
- onResume ()
- Umsebenzi uzoqala phendula ekusebenzisaneni umsebenzisi.
- onPause ()
- Umsebenzi uzokwenza yeka ukuphendula ekusebenzisaneni komsebenzisi.
- i-onStop ()
- Umsebenzi uye ngokuphelele ingemuva.
- onDestroy ()
- Umsebenzi izobhujiswa nezinsizakusebenza zakho zikhishiwe.
Lapho sidinga ukusebenzisa enye yalezi zindlela, sizoyenza singeze umsebenzi wethu ngala maprofayili:
isigaba somphakathi i-MyActivity sinweba umsebenzi {protected void onCreate (Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate (savedInstanceState); ...} kuvikelwe okungekho ku -Start () {super.onStart (); ...} kuvikelwe okungekho ku -Restart () {super.onRestart (); ...} kuvikelwe i-void onResume () {super.onResume (); ...} kuvikelwe i-void onPause () {... super.onPause (); } i-void evikelwe ku -Stop () {... onStop (); } i-voed onDestroy () {... super.onDestroy (); }}
Kubalulekile ukunakekela indlela ye-superclass call ukuze ungahlangabezani nezimanga. Imisebenzi yomcimbi ngamunye engaphezulu komsebenzi wethu kufanele igcinwe. Le kholi izoya ekuqaleni kwemicimbi yokufaka, kuze kube sekupheleni kwemicimbi yokukhipha. Ngale ndlela sizogwema ukumangala, ngoba izinto zomsebenzi esizidingayo kodwa ezingekho ngaphansi kolawulo lwethu zizokwakhiwa ngaphambi kokuzisebenzisa, futhi zizobhujiswa ngemuva kwalokho.
Akudingeki ukuthi singeze yonke imicimbi, lezo esingazidingi zizosebenzisa ukwenziwa okuzenzakalelayo. Izindlela esizozisebenzisa kaningi - futhi akunconyiwe ukuthinta ezinye - zikhona ukudala, ukuPhumuza, nokuQala kabusha.
Incazelo ye-onCreate icacile: yindawo lapho sizolayisha khona izinsiza esizidingayo, imibono, nanoma yini enye esiyidingayo. Ngokukhipha, ukuphela kwendlela esizogxila kuyo yi-onPause. Isizathu sokugwema i-onStop ne-onDestroy ukuthi asinakho ukulawula phezu kwabo. i-onPause izosebenza noma nini lapho uhlelo luvela ngaphambili, kanti ezinye ezimbili zizoqhutshwa uhlelo lokusebenza ngokuya ngezidingo zakho. Bangaze babulawe! Lokhu kwenziwa ukuvikela izindleko zokwakha umsebenzi kaninginingi uma sisuka emsebenzini siye kudeskithophu futhi okuphambene nalokho, futhi uhlelo lokusebenza luzokhulula kuphela izinsiza ezisetshenzisiwe uma luzidinga, futhi akudingeki luthamele konke izinqubo ezivulekile.
Lokho kusho ukuthi sizocabanga ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza luzofa ngemuva kokuqalisa ukusebenza, nokuthi ngolwethu ithuba lokugcina lokonga idatha ukuthi sidinga ukonga, nokumisa izinsizakalo esizisebenzisayo, njenge-geolocation. Uma simise izinsizakalo, indawo efanelekile yokuziqala kabusha ise -Restart.
Ezinye izindlela ngeke sidinge ukuzisebenzisa kakhulu. Icala elijwayelekile lapho sizodinga khona lapho sizohlanganisa imitapo yolwazi evela eceleni, njenge-Facebook noma i-Flurry. Kulezi zimo, sizocelwa ukuthi simatanise izindlela zomsebenzi wethu nekhodi yakho. Isibonelo, ukubhalisa iseshini ye-Flurry sizocelwa ukuthi siqale iseshini ngendlela yokuqala.
Eminye imibono ewusizo
- Khumbula ukuthi umcimbi ngamunye wenzelwe ini. Uzohlala udinga i-onCreate, futhi kaningi uzodinga i- onPause ne- onResume ukumisa uphinde uqalise izinsiza ezidla kakhulu.
- Ungathinti eminye imicimbi uma ungayidingi ngokucacile.
- Ungathembeli ku -Stop naku-onDestroy, bangahle bangabizwa. Gcina konke okudingayo ku-onPause.
- Gwema ukusebenzisa okuguquguqukayo okungapheli kokugcina. Uhlelo lokusebenza lusengalayishwa lapho ubuya, futhi bazogcina amanani abawashiye ngemuva. Uma kungekho okunye ongakwenza ngaphandle kokuzisebenzisa, qiniseka ukusetha kabusha amanani azo lapho ubuyela ngaphambili.
Imininingwane engaphezulu - Umhlahlandlela oyisisekelo wohlelo ku-Android
