Ukuphepha kwe-Android: yonke into abangakutsheli yona

Si ukhathazekile ngokuvikeleka kwe-Android, kufanele wazi yonke into ongakatshelwa yona, njengoba lolu hlelo lokusebenza lugcina izimfihlo ezimbalwa ezizaziyo. Yonke into abangakutshelanga yona noma abangakutshelanga yona, ngale kwezinsiza ze-Google ze-GMS, ama-blobs anambambili, impande, nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezicatshangwayo zokuphepha, ezinye zazo ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa okuningi kwangempela ngokumelene nokuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile futhi ukunquma ukuthi i-Android ivikeleke kakhulu noma kancane kune-iOS, nokuthi ingabe ivikelekile ngempela Kukhona esingakwenza njengabasebenzisi ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwamadivaysi ethu eselula.

Impande noma cha impande: umbuzo lowo

I-Android isuselwe ku-Linux kernel, kodwa ayikona ukusatshalaliswa kwe-GNU/Linux. Le sistimu ye-Google ilinganiselwe kakhulu ngokomthamo umsebenzisi anawo, nemikhawulo eminingi. Le mikhawulo inganqotshwa ngokuba yimpande, okungukuthi, umsebenzisi onenhlanhla ongenza noma yini. Kodwa noma kunjalo, ukuqothula iselula kunezingozi zayo zokuphepha. Ngakho-ke, iselula enezimpande ayihlali iphephile njengoba abanye becabanga:

• Izinzuzo:
  • Amandla okuphatha angenamkhawulo, okungukuthi, ukulawula okukhulu ohlelweni.
  • Ukusebenza okuphezulu.
  • Ikhono lokukhipha i-bloatware.
  • Ukusebenza okukhulu.
  • Ukufinyelela kutheminali ye-Linux.
  • Ikhono lokwenza izinguquko zokuphepha.
• nebubi:
  • Vala iwaranti.
  • Ungase ube sengcupheni yokuthi idivayisi iyeke ukusebenza (noma ingasebenzi ngendlela efanele) uma ingenziwanga kahle.
  • Uma ulanda i-ROM kusayithi elingalungile, ingase ihlanganise uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha oluyingozi.
  • Izinkinga ngezibuyekezo ze-OTA.
  • Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinonya zinezimvume zokwenza, ngakho-ke akuyena kuphela umsebenzisi ongenza abakufunayo, kodwa nezinhlelo zokusebenza. Okusho ukuthi, i-rooting ikhulisa umonakalo ongaba khona wekhodi enonya.

Kwesinye isikhathi, iselula yakho ingase igxilwe ngaphandle kokuthi wazi, njengoba kukhona okwazile ukuyifinyelela futhi ukwenze ngemuva kwakho. Isizathu sokwenza lokhu kungase kube ukufaka uhlobo oluthile lwe-spyware. Isibonelo, ukuze ukwazi ukulawula ukude iselula yakho, finyelela imakrofoni futhi ulalele okushoyo, noma ikhamera yakho futhi ubone ukuthi wenzani, njll. Kuvame kakhulu kunalokho ocabanga ngakho, ikakhulukazi emibhangqwaneni enomona engathembani. Ukuze uthole ukuthi igxilile, ungasebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana ne-Root Checker, ilula kakhulu, futhi izokutshela ukuthi ukufinyelela kwempande kufakwe ngempumelelo noma cha. Uma ifakwe ngempumelelo, izobeka ingozi ekuvikelekeni kwakho.

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Root Wokungena

Umthuthukisi: joeykrim

Price: Mahhala

Ukuphepha kwangaphakathi kwe-Android: SELinux

Amasistimu e-Linux ngokuvamile asebenzisa i-AppArmor noma i-SELinux njengamamojula okuphepha. Endabeni ye-Android, i-SELinux isetshenziswa. Imojula eyasungulwa okokuqala yi-Red Hat kanye ne-NSA, into edala ukungathembani kuma-paranoids amaningi ezokuphepha. Futhi, labo abakhetha i-AppArmor abagcini ngokuyikhethela lokho, kodwa futhi kulula kakhulu ukuyiphatha, kuyilapho i-SELinux ingaba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukuthi ungayiqondi futhi uyisebenzise kahle.

Inkinga ukuthi i-Android isivele iza nokucushwa okuzenzakalelayo, nawe awukwazi ukukushintsha ngaphandle kokuthi uyimpande. Uma ubona ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithembisa ukwenza izinguquko ku-SELinux, zingaba umkhonyovu noma zidinga ukufinyelela kwezimpande ukuze zenze kanjalo. Okuwukuphela kwento engenziwa ukuhlola ubumfihlo nokuvikeleka izilungiselelo onazo Kumasethingi e-Android ukuze ubone kahle ukuthi yini evunyelwe nokuthi yini engavunyelwe, futhi ushiye iselula ihlome ngezikhali ngangokunokwenzeka.

I-Google Play: inkemba esika nhlangothi zombili

La Isitolo sohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Google Play siyinkemba esika nhlangothi zombili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyasebenziseka kakhulu ukufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza ozidingayo emthonjeni onokwethenjelwa, ugwema ukulanda i-.apk eyingozi kubantu besithathu noma imithombo engaziwa. Lawa ma-APK angahle angabi anonya, kodwa ezimweni eziningi azolungiswa ngekhodi enonya ukuze kwebiwe amaphasiwedi, ukufinyelela imininingwane yasebhange, ukusebenzisa izinsiza zeselula yakho ukumba ama-cryptocurrensets, njll.

Kodwa ubuso obufihliwe ukuthi kunezigidi zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezitholakalayo, futhi ngaphandle kwezihlungi ze-Google, ungahlala ubalekela ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinonya ezizotholakala ukuze zilandwe (ezinye zinamagama afanayo noma afanayo nezinye ezingenalo unya) futhi uzobe ukufaka uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha ngaphandle kokuqaphela, enemiphumela engaba yingozi kakhulu, njengokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaziwa nemvelaphi. Ngalesi sizathu, kungcono ukuhlola ukuthi ingabe umthuthukisi wohlelo lokusebenza ozolufaka uthembeke yini ngokufuna ulwazi ngaye ku-inthanethi.

Ukuze uthuthukise ukuphepha ku-Google Play yakho, kufanele landela lezi zeluleko:

• Vikela uhlelo lokukhokha oyisebenzisayo ukuze abanye abantu (noma abancane) abaneselula yakho bangakwazi ukuthenga izinhlelo zokusebenza noma amasevisi ngaphandle kwemvume yakho. Ukuze wenze lokhu, hamba kuzilungiselelo ze-Google Play> Izinkokhelo nokubhaliselwe> Izindlela zokukhokha> lapho ungaphatha khona izindlela zokukhokha ezisebenzayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuze uvikele izinkokhelo hamba kuzilungiselelo ze-Google Play > Izilungiselelo > Ukufakazela ubuqiniso > Dinga iphasiwedi ukuze uthenge > Kukho konke ukuthenga okwenziwe ngale divayisi.
• Sebenzisa inketho Dlala Ukuvikela ukuhlaziya izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyingozi.

I-antimalware engasebenzi

Enye inkinga yezokuphepha ye-Android yi- i-anti-virus noma isofthiwe yokulwa ne-malware ekhona ku-Google Play. Akubona bonke obabonayo abasebenza, noma abangasebenzi ngendlela okufanele basebenze ngayo. Ngakho-ke, ungawathembi lawa maphakheji askena uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, njengoba angase aphuthelwe izinsongo eziyingozi kakhulu. Ukuze uphephe, ngingakuncoma ukuthi usebenzise lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza:

• I-CONAN Mobile: iwuhlelo lokusebenza lwamahhala oluthuthukiswe i-INCIBE futhi inesibopho sokuhlaziya izilungiselelo zokuphepha ze-Android yakho, ukuhlaziya izinhlelo zokusebenza, izimvume, ukuqapha kwenethiwekhi okusebenzayo, ukuhlaziya ukuthi amakheli akho e-imeyili asengozini, futhi inikeza iseluleko se-OSI. Akuyona i-anti-malware kanjalo, futhi akuyona isofthiwe ye-antivirus, kodwa iwumngane wabo ophelele.
• I-Antivirus ye-AVIRA: Uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-antivirus lwamahhala futhi olusebenziseka kalula, nakuba lunenguqulo ekhokhelwayo ye-Premium, nemisebenzi eyengeziwe. Isizathu salesi sincomo ukuthi iwuhlelo lokusebenza olwakhiwe e-Europe, ukuzethemba okukhulu, futhi lenza umsebenzi walo kahle impela.
• I-BitDefender Mobile Security: enye yaseYurophu, futhi enye engcono kakhulu ongayithola uma kuziwa kuhlelo lokusebenza olukhokhelwayo lwe-antivirus. Inohlelo lokuvikela kuhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, izinsongo eziku-inthanethi, ukuvikelwa kolwazi, njll.

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Iselula ye-CONAN

Umthuthukisi: INCIBE

Price: Mahhala

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I-Avira Security Antivirus & VPN

Umthuthukisi: AVIRA

Price: Mahhala

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I-Bitdefender Security Security

Umthuthukisi: Bitdefender

Price: Mahhala

Sebenzisa i-VPN

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izilungiselelo zakho zokuphepha ze-Android zinhle kangakanani, futhi noma ngabe isofthiwe yokuvikela inhle kangakanani oyifakile, ukuze wenze isiqiniseko sokuthi awukho engozini yokuhlaselwa kohlobo lwe-MitM, ubunhloli bamagama-mfihlo akho, njll., kungcono ukusebenzisa i-VPN, ngesizathu esengeziwe uma uxhumana ngocingo ngocingo lwakho futhi uphatha idatha yenkampani ebucayi noma yekhasimende.

Ngenxa yalezi zinsizakalo, ezingabizi nhlobo, uzokwazi ukubethela yonke ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi engenayo naphumayo, ukuze ukuphepha okukhulu nokuthi akekho ongafinyelela kuyo, ngaphezu kokuhlinzeka ukungaziwa okukhulu, ene-IP ehlukile kweyoqobo futhi ngaphandle kokuthi i-IPS yakho ikwazi ukuqoqa idatha ekusetshenzisweni kwenethiwekhi eziphakelini zayo.

Kunezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi zomdabu ze-VPN ze-Android, kodwa ezintathu ezinhle kakhulu okufanele ukucabangele futhi okuzokuvumela ukuthi usebenzise izinkundla zokusakaza ngaphandle kwezinkinga, yilezi:

• ExpressVPN: mhlawumbe ephephe kakhulu, eshesha kakhulu, egcwele kakhulu futhi efanelekile ukusetshenziswa kochwepheshe, nakuba futhi kubiza kakhulu kunezinye izinsizakalo.
• CyberGhost: okungcono kakhulu uma ufuna okuthile okushibhile, okulula, okusebenzayo, okuphephile, nokulula.
• I-PrivateVPN: enye indlela enhle uma unganelisekile ngezidlule.

Phatha izimvume zohlelo lokusebenza

Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile lokugcina ukuphepha okuhle kanye nobumfihlo ukuphatha izimvume zezinhlelo zakho zokusebenza ezifakiwe kahle. Akwanele nje ukusho ngenhla, ukufaka lezo zinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga izimvume ezimbalwa, kodwa futhi phatha lezi zimvume. Ulwazi lomsebenzisi nengqondo evamile nakho kuyangena lapha. Isibonelo, ukubuyela esimweni sangaphambilini, lolo hlelo lokusebenza lwethoshi B oludinga imvume yekhamera, uhlu lwakho loxhumana nabo, nesitoreji, luzobonisa ukuthi lenza okuthile okungaphezu kokukhanyisa. Ukufinyelela kukhamera kuyathetheleleka, njengoba uyidinga ukuze uvule noma uvale isibani se-flash. Kunalokho, ukufinyelela ebhukwini lakho lamakheli noma isitoreji kungenzeka kungenxa yokubika idatha (usebenzisa ama-tracker).

Kukhona ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ku-Google Play zokuphatha izimvume, noma zingadingeki, ngezazo Izilungiselelo ze-Android zanele:

1. Iya kuhlelo lokusebenza Lwezilungiselelo ze-Android.
2. Bheka isigaba sezinhlelo zokusebenza.
3. Izimvume
4. Futhi lapho ungabona futhi uguqule izimvume uhlelo ngalunye olunazo.

Uhlelo olushaiwe

Impela yinto engingeke ngakhathala ukuyisho, gcina isistimu yokusebenza (kanye ne-firmware) ibuyekeziwe, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifakiwe, futhi iyisithuthukisi esihle sokuphepha. Khumbula ukuthi isistimu ye-Android nanoma yiziphi izici zayo zingase zibe sengozini. Njengoba ungowakamuva kuzibuyekezo, uzokwazi ukuba neziqephu zokuphepha zakamuva ezitholakalayo, ukuze lobu bungozi buxazululwe futhi bungakwazi ukuxhashazwa izigebengu ze-inthanethi.

Ungayinaki le ngxenye, ibaluleke kakhulu kunalokho abaningi abakucabangayo. Khumbula njalo buyekeza izibuyekezo ezilindile. Ukuze ubuyekeze isistimu yakho ye-Android nge-OTA (uma isekelwe):

1. Iya kuhlelo lokusebenza Lwezilungiselelo.
2. Thola isibuyekezi sohlelo (singahluka ngegama kuye ngezandlalelo ze-UI ngokwezifiso).
3. Hlola izibuyekezo ezitholakalayo.
4. Landa futhi ufake izibuyekezo.

En icala lezinhlelo zokusebenza:

1. Iya ku-Google Play.
2. Bese uchofoza ku-akhawunti yakho ukuze ufinyelele imenyu yokumisa.
3. Iya kokuthi Phatha izinhlelo zokusebenza namadivayisi.
4. Bese uya kokuthi Phatha ithebhu.
5. Futhi ubuyekeze izinhlelo zokusebenza ohlwini ezinezibuyekezo ezilindile.

Uma isistimu yakho yokusebenza ye-Android ingeyenguqulo endala engasakwazi ukusekelwa futhi azikho izibuyekezo ezikhishwayo, ongakhetha kukho ukufaka i-ROM yamanje ngokwakho, enganconywa nhlobo, ngoba ingase ingasebenzi kahle. uma ingasekeli ihadiwe yakho, noma cabanga ukushintshela kwenye iselula entsha enenguqulo yakamuva enayo izibuyekezo ze-OTA (Over The Air).

Nciphisa futhi uzowina

Ukugcina iselula ne-minimalism enkulu kakhulu kungenye inzuzo ecacile yokuphepha kwe-Android. Okungukuthi, yona kungcono ukuthi ushiye kuphela izinhlelo zokusebenza ozisebenzisa njalo, futhi ukhiphe zonke lezo ongasazisebenzisi, kanye ne-bloatware iselula ngokuvamile efika nayo evela efekthri. Lokhu kuzovimbela noma yibuphi ubungozi noma yiziphi zalezi zinhlelo zokusebenza okungenzeka zibe nazo ukuthi zingaxhashazwa ukuze kufakwe idivayisi yakho engozini. Khumbula ifomula:

ikhodi encane (izinhlelo zokusebenza ezincane) = ubungozi obuncane obungenzeka

Umqondo ojwayelekile nokungathembani: isikhali esingcono kakhulu

Ubugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi sebungenye inkinga enkulu. Ukulwa nalokhu kusongelwa kwezokuphepha, ithuluzi elingcono kakhulu onawo libizwa ngokuthi ingqondo nokungathembi. Bangakusindisa ezingozini ezibalulekile. Isibonelo, amanye amathiphu yilawa:

• Ungavuli (ingasaphathwa eyokulanda okunamathiselwe kwi-imeyili) kusuka ama-imeyili asolisayo. Okusolisa kakhulu kuvamise ukuvela kuma-imeyili omgunyathi azenza amabhizinisi asebhange, Ihhovisi Leposi, i-Endesa, i-Telefónica, i-Tax Agency, njll., ngaleyo ndlela ifuna izikweletu okusolwa ukuthi unazo. Babuye njalo labo abakunikeza okuthile ngaphandle kwemibandela. Kwesinye isikhathi ingaba imilayezo ngeSpanishi, kwesinye isikhathi ingaba ngolunye ulimi njengesiNgisi, into esolisa kakhulu.
• unganaki amakholi ogaxekile noma ukuthi bakucele imininingwane yasebhange, ukufinyelela kumasevisi, njll. Ibhange noma inkampani ayisoze yakucela lezi mininingwane ngocingo. Uma benza kanjalo, kuwumkhonyovu.
• Okufanayo kungasetshenziswa naku I-SMS neminye imilayezo ukuthi bangafika ngezinhlelo zokusebenza zemiyalezo esheshayo ezifana ne-WhatsApp, nezikucela amagama ayimfihlo, amakhodi, njll., noma ukuthi bangabantu ongabangezanga ku-ajenda. Hlala usola ngakho futhi ungathumeli lutho. Izikhathi eziningi bafuna ukuzenza ubuwena ngamacala obugebengu.
• Ungangeni amawebhusayithi asolisayo kanye nokuncane kakhulu amakhasi okufinyelela ebhange lakho noma ezinye izinsiza lapho ubhaliswe khona kusukela kuzixhumanisi eziza kuwe nge-imeyili, njll. Kungaba yizithiyo zokuthi ufake idatha yakho yokufinyelela futhi bazoyigcina, ikuqondise kabusha kuwebhu yangempela. Izigebengu ze-Cybercriminal ziye zaphelelisa lezi zindlela kangangokuthi ngezinye izikhathi akunakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa iwebhusayithi yomgunyathi neyoqobo ngeso lenyama, ngisho nesitifiketi se-SSL (HTTPS).
• Buyekeza ama-akhawunti akho ngezikhathi ezithile, uma usola ukufinyelela okusolisayo, sebenzisa ukuqinisekiswa okuyizinyathelo ezimbili lapho kunokwenzeka khona, noma shintsha iphasiwedi yakho.
• Lapho ungabaza, qaphela futhi ungazifaki engozini.

inqubomgomo yokwenza isipele

Nakuba ezinhlelweni ze-Android idatha eningi ikhona vumelanisa nefunjengoxhumana nabo, ikhalenda, imilayezo evela kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zemiyalezo esheshayo, njll., kubalulekile ukuthi ube nenqubomgomo yokwenza isipele esebenzayo. Akulimazi ukuthi ngezikhathi ezithile wenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yayo yonke idatha yakho kudrayivu yokubhala noma isitoreji sangaphandle.

Lokhu kuzogwema izinkinga, ezifana nalezo ezingakulethela ukuwohloka kwedivayisi yakho yeselula okukwenza ulahlekelwe yiyo yonke idatha, noma izinsongo ezifana i-ransomware, ababethela ngayo idatha yakho futhi bakucele inkokhelo uma bekunikeza igama-mfihlo ukuze ukwazi ukufinyelela idatha yakho futhi.

Amaphasiwedi aqinile

Amaphasiwedi owasebenzisayo kufanele ahlangabezane nochungechunge lwawo izidingo eziphansi ukuze uphephe:

• Kufanele babe nazo okungenani izinhlamvu eziyisi-8 noma ngaphezulu ubude. Okufushane, kuba sengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa ngendluzula.
• Ungalokothi usebenzise amagama ayimfihlo okungaqagelwa kalula ngawo ubunjiniyela bezenhlalo, njengegama lesilwane sakho esifuywayo, idethi ethile njengosuku lwakho lokuzalwa, iqembu lakho olithandayo, njll.
• Ungalokothi usebenzise amagama asesichazamazwini njengephasiwedi, noma uzoba sengozini yokuhlaselwa kwesichazamazwi.
• Ungasebenzisi igama eliyimfihlo kwabo bonke. Isevisi ngayinye (i-imeyili, ukungena ngemvume kwe-OS, ibhange,…) kufanele ibe nephasiwedi ehlukile. Ngakho-ke, uma bethola enye yazo, ngeke bakwazi ukufinyelela kwezinye izinkonzo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma uthisha ekuthola, angakwazi ukufinyelela zonke izinsiza, ngomonakalo odalwe yilokhu.
• Igama eliyimfihlo eliyimfihlo kumele libe yingxube yezinhlamvu osonhlamvukazi abancane, osonhlamvukazi, izimpawu, nezinombolo.

Isibonelo, a isifanekiso sephasiwedi eqinile unga:

d6C*WQa_7ex

Ukuze ukwazi ukukhumbula kahle lawa maphasiwedi amade futhi ayinkimbinkimbi, ngincoma ukuthi usebenzise a umphathi wephasiwedi njenge-KeePass. Ngaleyo ndlela ngeke kudingeke ukuba uzikhumbule, futhi uzoba nazo kusizindalwazi esibethelwe nesivikelekile.

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Keepass2 Android Iphasiwedi Safe

Umthuthukisi: U-Philipp Crocoll (Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Croco)

Price: Mahhala

Ubumfihlo: ilungelo

La ubumfihlo buyilungelo, kodwa kuyilungelo eliphulwa usuku nosuku ngezinkampani ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe ezisebenzisa idatha yomuntu siqu ezihlaziya nge-Big Data ukuze zithole uhlobo oluthile lwenzuzo, noma ezizithengisela izinkampani zangaphandle ngamanani emali anamanzi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izigebengu zama-inthanethi ziyengezwa kuzo, ezingasebenzisa le datha yomuntu siqu entshontshiwe, ukwenza ama-blackmail, ukuthengiswa kuwebhu ejulile/emnyama, njll.

Zama nikeza idatha encane ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi unciphise ukuvuza kwazo. Ekuhlaselweni kwe-cybersecurity, esinye sezigaba zokuqala sibizwa ngokuthi "ukuqoqa ulwazi", futhi uma umhlaseli enalo ulwazi oluthe xaxa ngawe, ukuhlasela kuzoba lula nomthelela ozowuzuza.

Abanye amathiphu ngakho Yilezi:

• Sebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza zemiyalezo esheshayo eziphephile.
• Sebenzisa futhi iziphequluli zewebhu eziphephile ezihlonipha kakhulu ubumfihlo bakho. Ezinye izincomo Isiphequluli Esinesibindi, Isiphequluli Sobumfihlo Se-DuckDuck Go, kanye neFirefox. Futhi, ungakhohlwa ukufinyelela izilungiselelo zabo futhi uvimbele izigelekeqe, amakhukhi, umlando, idatha yokungena egciniwe, njll. Uma ukwazi, phequlula ngemodi ye-incognito.

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Isiphequluli sewebhu esizimele esinesibindi

Umthuthukisi: Isoftware Yesibindi

Price: Mahhala

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I-Firefox: isiphequluli sewebhu esiyimfihlo

Umthuthukisi: I-Mozilla

Price: Mahhala

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Isiphequluli Esizimele se-DuckDuckGo

Umthuthukisi: DuckDuckGo

Price: Mahhala

ukuvikela ukweba

Ama-antivirus amaningi ane-software umsebenzi wokulwa nobugebengu, ozokwazi ukubona ngayo nge-GPS lapho idivayisi yakho yeselula ikhona, futhi uze uthumele umyalo ukuze yonke idatha isuswe ukude futhi ngaleyo ndlela isela (noma noma ubani othola iselula yakho uma ilahlekile) ngeke akwazi ukufinyelela idatha ebucayi , njengokubhanga, njll. Kubalulekile ukwenza lolu hlobo lwemisebenzi lusebenze uma kwenzeka okunye kwalokhu kwebiwa. Akufanele uthembele ku-PIN, noma amaphethini esikrini, amaphasiwedi okufinyelela, njll., ayizithiyo ezinhle ezengeziwe, kodwa kuhle kakhulu ukungaphonseli inselelo ubuhlakani bomsolwa.

Ngalokhu, ngincoma ukuthi ufake uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Google lwe-Android Thola idivayisi yami, noma okusebenzisayo isevisi yewebhu. Uma indawo yenziwe yasebenza kuselula yakho, uzokwazi ukuyithola, uyenze ikhale uma ikulahlekele ukuze uyithole, futhi usule idatha ukude ukuze uvikeleke.

Thwebula Ikhodi ye-QR

Thola idivayisi yami

Umthuthukisi: I-Google LLC

Price: Mahhala

Amanethiwekhi aphephile, amanethiwekhi amnyama

para qinisa amanethiwekhi akho Kumadivayisi eselula, kufanele ugcine engqondweni amaphuzu amathathu abalulekile athuthukisa ukuphepha kwe-Android:

• ungaxhumeki ku amanethiwekhi angenazintambo angathembekile, kusuka ku-BT ezandleni zakho, noma amanethiwekhi amahhala e-WiFi. Zingaba ama-decoy ukuze uthole ukufinyelela okulula kudivayisi yakho.
• Awuzisebenzisi? Iyavala. Awugcini nje ngokuwonga ibhethri, futhi ungakhubaza inethiwekhi ye-WiFi, i-Bluetooth, i-NFC, Idatha. Imodi yendiza ingase futhi ibe isilungiso esisheshayo sokuyivula, nakuba khumbula ukuthi nawe ngeke ube nomugqa.
• Hlaziya uma wena i-router inobungozi obuthile. Uma kunjalo, buyekeza i-firmware yakho uma kukhona iziqephu zokuphepha. Isibonelo, ngohlelo lokusebenza lwe-WiFi Analyzer. Kukhona nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithakazelisayo ezifana ne-Fing, i-WiFi WPS/WPA Tester, njll.

Thwebula Ikhodi ye-QR

I-WiFi Analyzer (umthombo ovulekile)

Umthuthukisi: Ukuthuthukiswa Kwesoftware yeVREM

Price: Mahhala

Imithombo engaziwa nama-ROM

Impela, kufanele uhlale unemvume yokufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza kuyo imvelaphi engaziwa icishiwe kusistimu yakho ye-Android:

1. Iya kokuthi Izilungiselelo.
2. Ukuthola “Imithombo Engaziwa” kwezinye izendlalelo ze-UI kungase kubizwe ngokuthile okuhlukile, njengokuthi “Faka Izinhlelo Zokusebenza Ezingaziwa” noma okufanayo.
3. Ngena ngaphakathi futhi ungayicisha noma ubone izinhlelo zokusebenza zesistimu ezinaleyo mvume (akufanele kube khona).

Kepha ama roms, uma unganquma ukufaka inguqulo ehlukile ngokwakho, noma impande, akufanele ube nenkinga kulokhu. Yilabo kuphela abanquma ukufaka i-ROM ehlukile abangangena kulezi zinkinga, ngokulanda ama-ROM kumawebhusayithi ezinkampani zangaphandle (angekho emthethweni), ashintshwe ngekhodi enonya. Ngakho-ke, landa njalo kumawebhusayithi asemthethweni.

Ama-Blobs Kanambambili, I-Proprietary Software, nezinye Izingozi

Ezinye izinkinga zokuphepha lapho bonke abasebenzisi bengavikelekile kuzona, ngaphandle kokucushwa nama-plugin okuvikela owasebenzisayo, yilezo ngaphandle kolawulo lomsebenzisi:

• Software:
  • Ikhodi yokuphathelene noma evaliwe: uma kusetshenziswa izinhlelo zokusebenza noma izinsiza zomthombo ogunyaziwe noma amasevisi, akukho ukufinyelela ekhodini yomthombo yohlelo futhi akwaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi lenzani ngempela (iminyango yokuvumela ukufinyelela kude ngaphandle kwemvume yomsebenzisi, ukulandelela idatha, ukuqondiswa kabili okudumile i-telemetry abanye abayibiza ngokuthi, ukuba sengozini kwenhloso noma okungahlosiwe, iziphazamisi, njll.), ngaphandle kwemisebenzi eyakhelwe ngokusobala. Noma ngabe kutholwa inkinga yezokuphepha, umthuthukisi wesoftware uyena kuphela ongayilungisa futhi anikeze amapeshi afanelekile. Kodwa ngalokho, kufanele uthembele umsebenzi omuhle wonjiniyela kanye nesifiso sokuwenza ngokushesha.
  • Ukukhohlisa ochungechungeni lokuhlinzeka ngomthombo ovulekile: isofthiwe yomthombo wamahhala nevulekile ayibalekeli obuningi balobu bubi. Amakhodi omthombo angashintshwa ukuze ethule ngamabomu ubungozi, noma iminyango engemuva, kanye nezinye izinhlobo zekhodi enonya, njll. Akukhona okokuqala kwenzeka, ngakho-ke akufanele uthembele ku-100%. Kodwa-ke, into enhle ukuthi noma ubani angabheka ikhodi yomthombo futhi athole izinkinga ezinjalo futhi azinamathisele yedwa. Ngakho-ke, kunzima kakhulu ukufihla okuthile kumafayela avezwe emhlabeni wonke (avuliwe) kunalawo inkampani noma umthuthukisi kuphela akwazi ukuwafinyelela (avaliwe).
• I-Kernel:
  • amabhlogo kanambambili: Lawa amamojula noma izilawuli (abashayeli), kanye ne-firmware, engumthombo ovaliwe noma ubunikazi futhi iku-Linux kernel, ebekwe lapho izinkampani ezihlanganisa imisebenzi ethile ukuze zisekele amadivayisi azo. Abaningi bayasola ngalezi zingxenye ezingacacile, njengoba zingaba nezingozi ezifanayo njengesofthiwe evaliwe enesimo esibi, azisebenzi endaweni yabasebenzisi, kodwa endaweni ehloniphekile, yingakho zingaba yingozi kakhulu.
  • Iziphazamisi kanye nokuba sengozini: vele, ayikho i-Linux nanoma iyiphi enye i-kernel yesistimu yokusebenza evikelekile ngo-100%, futhi inobuthakathaka nezimbungulu ezitholwayo futhi zilungiswe ngezinguqulo ezintsha nezibuyekezo, nakuba kuyiqiniso futhi ukuthi njengoba izinguqulo ezintsha ziphuma, kukhona okungenzeka ukuthi okunye ubungozi obungaba khona noma iziphazamisi zengezwe ebezingekho ngaphambilini. Okuthile okwenzeka ngawo wonke amasistimu nesoftware emhlabeni, noma iluphi uhlobo.
• Hardware:
  • I-Torjan hardware: Muva nje kukhona ukukhuluma okwengeziwe mayelana nehadiwe eguquliwe ukuze kufakwe imisebenzi efihliwe kuyo, noma ukuyenza ibe sengozini kakhulu. Lezi zinhlobo zokulungiswa zingenziwa kusukela kumiklamo ye-RTL yama-chips, ngezigaba zokugcina zokuthuthuka, ngisho nalapho umklamo wokugcina usufinyelele efekthri ye-Foundry noma i-semiconductor, eshintsha imaski ye-photolithography. Futhi lezi zinkinga zinzima kakhulu ukuzibona, uma kungenjalo akunakwenzeka. Ngakho uma noma yimuphi uhulumeni noma inhlangano ifuna ukwethula usongo lwezokuphepha ezitheni zayo, lena kungaba indlela engcono kakhulu.
  • Ukuba sengozini: Yebo, ngisho noma kungahlosiwe, kungase futhi kube sengozini yehadiwe, njengoba kubonakala ku-Specter, Meltdown, Rowhammer, njll., futhi lezi zinhlobo zokuhlaselwa kwesiteshi esiseceleni zingadalula idatha eyonakaliswe kakhulu, njengamaphasiwedi.

Ibhethri elikhiphekayo, amathebhu amakhamera namaswishi okuphepha

Kufanele ukwazi lokho noma nini iselula iyacisha futhi nebhethri liphelelwe amandla, kusele amandla athile futhi itheminali ingalandelelwa. Ngakho-ke, izigebengu eziningi, ukuze zigweme ukulandelela, sebenzisa amaselula amadala noma lawo angasuswa ebhethri ukuze awakhiphe ngokuphelele ku-intanethi. Ngeshwa, ngisho noma kungekona ukwenza ubugebengu, kodwa u-100% uqiniseke ukuthi iselula ayibiki lutho, akuvamile ukuthi ungakwazi ukususa ibhethri, cishe bonke baye bahlanganisa.

Amanye amatheminali, njengePinePhone evela ku-Pine64, nezinye izinhlobo ezizinikele ekudaleni omakhalekhukhwini abavikelekile kanye nokwenza ngcono ubumfihlo, zengeziwe. amaswishi hardware ngokuvalwa kwamamojula abucayi. Okusho ukuthi, amaswishi athile aphathekayo ongavala ngawo izingxenye ezifana nekhamera, imakrofoni, noma imodemu ye-WiFi/BT, ukuze ziphephe uma ungasebenzisi lezi zici.

Njengoba iningi lamamodeli lingenayo, enye yezinto ezimbalwa esingayenza vimbela ukulalela ngekhamera yedivayisi, imane thenga amathebhu ukuze uvale lokhu uma ungayisebenzisi. Kodwa-ke, izinhlelo zamanje zezinzwa eziningi zekhamera yangemuva noma eyinhloko yomakhalekhukhwini zenze lokhu kwaba nzima nakakhulu, nakuba kusengenzeka ngaphambili. Amanye amaselula afaka imininingwane yokuthuthukisa ubumfihlo njengekhamera ekwazi ukufihlwa, nakho okubongwayo.

Angeke ngithande ukushiya enkingeni izinzwa ze-biometric, njengezifundi zeminwe, ukubonwa kobuso noma kwamehlo. Le datha futhi iyazwela, futhi ihlukile, ngakho akuwona umqondo omuhle ukuthi iwele ezandleni ezingalungile. Ngeshwa, abakhiqizi benza kube nzima futhi kube nzima ukubazungeza. Ngokwesibonelo:

• Basukile ekubekeni inzwa yezigxivizo zeminwe ngemuva kweselula noma ekugcineni baye ekuzibekeni ngaphansi kwesikrini ngokwaso, noma inkinobho yokuvula nokuvala, ngakho-ke akukho okunye ongakwenza ngaphandle kokuyisebenzisa.
• Kukhona nentuthuko kanye namalungelo obunikazi amakhamera ngaphansi kwesikrini ngokwaso, esinye isithiyo sokusibekela.

Imemori khadi nekhebula le-USB: qaphela lapho uzibeka khona

Ngaphandle kwakho konke okushiwo ngenhla, esinye isici esibhekene naso ukunaka imemori khadi kanye nembobo yedatha ye-USB. Ziyizici okungafanele sizikhohlwe ukuthi zingasetshenziswa njengama-entry vectors kuhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha. Ukuyigwema:

• Ungaxhumi iselula ye-Android ngekhebula le-USB ezintweni ezingaziwa, njenge-Internet cafe, umtapo wolwazi womphakathi, njll.
• Ungalifaki ikhadi le-microSD kumakhompyutha ongawathembi futhi, lingatheleleka bese lithelela iselula yakho uma ulifaka.
• Futhi, kancane, sebenzisa i-microSD oyitholayo, ngeke kube ukugada, kodwa isenzo samabomu sokuthi uyisebenzise futhi uzithelele ngohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha.

Vala ukulungisa iphutha manje!

El imodi yokususa iphutha, noma ukulungisa iphutha, ye-Android, ingaba usizo ukufinyelela imisebenzi ethile noma ulwazi olubalulekile konjiniyela, noma ezimeni ezithile ezithile. Kodwa-ke, akufanele uyisebenzise njengomthetho, njengoba okunye ukuhlaselwa kungase kuzuze. Ukuze ukhubaze le modi:

1. Ngena kuzilungiselelo ze-Android.
2. Ungakwazi ukusesha injini yokusesha "kanjiniyela" futhi Izinketho Zonjiniyela zizovela.
3. Ngena, futhi ukhubaze le nketho.

Ingabe umsuka we-smartphone unendaba?

I-LG Wing ene-swivel display

Okokugcina, kufanele njalo khetha amabhrendi angekho ohlwini lwabavinjelwe kusuka kohulumeni abathile ngenxa yokuphepha kwabo okungabazekayo (futhi angibhekiseli kumabhrendi "ajeziswa" ngezimpi zezwe). Kungcono kakhulu uma ngabe baseYurophu, nakuba ngaleyo ndlela kungekho okuningi ongakhetha kukho. Isibonelo, i-FairPhone, evela e-Netherlands futhi ehloselwe ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha, ubumfihlo babasebenzisi, nokuzinza okwengeziwe.

Enye inketho ukusebenzisa amadivaysi omakhalekhukhwini benzelwe ngokukhethekile ukuphepha, ubumfihlo kanye nokungaziwa. Izinketho ezinhle kakhulu zokusetshenziswa kochwepheshe, njengalezo zeSilent Circle, nakuba uma ucabangela wonke amathiphu akulesi sifundo, ungakhetha olithandayo, futhi uthole amazinga amahle okuphepha.