Ukubukwa ku-Android

Victor González

Imizuzu ye-6

basic-guide-programming-android-4

Zonke izinto ezivela esikrinini sohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Android zingukubukwa. Kusuka kuzinto ezingazodwana ezifana nemibhalo noma izinkinobho, eziqukathi ezinjengamaqembu wokubuka. Lesi sihloko siyinkimbinkimbi ngenxa yemininingwane ethintekayo, futhi ukuhlola amathuba akhona ngokujula okungaphezulu, kunconywa kakhulu ukuya ku imibhalo esemthethweni. Kulesi sifundo sizohlaziya izinto ezisetshenziswe kakhulu, kufaka phakathi amaqembu wokubuka nezinye izinto eziyisisekelo.

Buka Amaqembu

  • I-LinearLayout
    • Iqoqa izakhi emugqeni owodwa, ongaba mpo noma ovundlile.
  • I-RelativeLayout
    • Izakhi zihlelwe maqondana komunye nomunye namamaki. Kuyinto eguquguqukayo kakhulu, futhi esetshenziswa kakhulu.
  • IScrollView
    • Isetshenziselwa ukubuka okungalingani esikrinini. Ingaqukatha ukubuka okukodwa noma iqembu lokubukwa, futhi ingeze ngokuzenzakalela imigoqo yokuhambisa.
  • IthebulaLayout
    • Qoqa izinto zibe imigqa namakholomu. Iqukethe izinto ze-TableRow, nazo eziqukethe izinto zeseli ngalinye.
  • UzimeleLayout
    • Kuhloswe ukuthi kube nombono owodwa. Uma kungezwa okuningi, zonke ziklelana ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesobunxele, zigqagqene.
  • I-AbsoluteLayout
    • Yehlisiwe kusukela kuhlobo lwe-Android 1.5. Kulesi sitsha, izinto zikhonjiswa ngezixhumanisi eziphelele eziqala ekhoneni eliphezulu kwesokunxele. Yehlisiwe ngoba ayihambelani nezikrini zosayizi abahlukahlukene, ezaduma kakhulu njenge-Android 1.5.

Ngohlelo lokusebenza olulula, amaqembu athakazelisa kakhulu ukuwabona ngokuningiliziwe yi-LinearLayout, RelativeLayout, neScrollView. Isibonelo, singenza ifayela le- I-LinearLayout mpo equkethe imibhalo, nenye evundlile enezinkinobho:

[html]
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
i-android: layout_width = "match_parent"
i-android: layout_height = "match_parent"
i-android: orientation = "mpo">
<I-TextView
i-Android: id = "@ + id / textView1"
i-android: layout_width = "wrap_content"
i-android: layout_height = "wrap_content"
i-android: umbhalo = "Umbhalo 1" />
<I-TextView
i-Android: id = "@ + id / textView2"
i-android: layout_width = "wrap_content"
i-android: layout_height = "wrap_content"
i-android: umbhalo = "Umbhalo 2" />
<I-TextView
i-Android: id = "@ + id / textView3"
i-android: layout_width = "wrap_content"
i-android: layout_height = "wrap_content"
i-android: umbhalo = "Umbhalo 3" />
<I-TextView
i-Android: id = "@ + id / textView4"
i-android: layout_width = "wrap_content"
i-android: layout_height = "wrap_content"
i-android: umbhalo = "Umbhalo 4" />
[/ html]

ukubukwa-ku-Android-1

[html]
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
i-android: layout_width = "match_parent"
i-android: layout_height = "match_parent"
i-android: orientation = "enezingqimba">
<Inkinobho
i-Android: id = "@ + id / inkinobho1"
i-android: layout_width = "wrap_content"
i-android: layout_height = "wrap_content"
i-android: umbhalo = "Inkinobho 1" />
<Inkinobho
i-Android: id = "@ + id / inkinobho2"
i-android: layout_width = "wrap_content"
i-android: layout_height = "wrap_content"
i-android: umbhalo = "Inkinobho 2" />
<Inkinobho
i-Android: id = "@ + id / inkinobho3"
i-android: layout_width = "wrap_content"
i-android: layout_height = "wrap_content"
i-android: umbhalo = "Inkinobho 3" />
[/ html]

ukubukwa-ku-Android-2

Una IScrollView Ingabhalwa kalula, kufanele nje ugoqe isitsha okufanele usibhale:

[html]
i-android: i-layout_width = "i-fill_parent"
i-android: layout_height = "gcwalisa_umzali"
ama-xmlns: i-android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
<…>
[/ html]

Okokugcina, iRelativeLayout iyisiqukathi esinamandla kakhulu futhi esinamandla, kepha futhi ingenye yezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke ukuphatha. Ngeke sithinte zonke izinketho lapha ngoba ziningi kakhulu. Ukuthola inkomba eningiliziwe sizoya kufayela le- imibhalo esemthethweni. Isibonelo esilula kungaba ukulandelayo: izinkinobho ezimbili ezinqoleni ezifanayo, eyodwa enosayizi wombhalo oqukethe, kanti enye inwebela ukuhlala kulo lonke umugqa:
[html]
<RelativeLayout
ama-xmlns: i-android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
i-android: layout_width = "match_parent"
i-android: layout_height = "match_parent">
<Inkinobho
i-Android: id = "@ + id / inkinobho1"
i-android: layout_width = "wrap_content"
i-android: layout_height = "wrap_content"
i-android: ukwakheka_alignParentLeft = "iqiniso"
i-android: ukwakheka_alignParentTop = "iqiniso"
i-android: umbhalo = "Inkinobho 1" />
<Inkinobho
i-Android: id = "@ + id / inkinobho2"
i-android: layout_width = "wrap_content"
i-android: layout_height = "wrap_content"
i-android: ukwakheka_alignParentRight = "kweqiniso"
i-android: ukwakheka_alignParentTop = "iqiniso"
i-Android: i-layout_toRightOf = "@ + id / inkinobho1"
i-android: umbhalo = "Inkinobho 2" />

[/ html]

ukubukwa-ku-Android-3

Kulesi sibonelo, inkinobho yokuqala ihambisana namamaki wesobunxele nangaphezulu esitsheni, bese inkinobho 2 iqondana nemida ephezulu, yesokudla neyesokudla yenkinobho 1.

ukubukwa

  • Umbhalo obhaliwe
    • Ibonisa umbhalo ohleliwe.
  • HlelaText
    • Iqukethe umbhalo ohlelekayo.
  • Inkinobho
    • Inkinobho elula.
  • I-ImageButton
    • Le nkinobho ikuvumela ukuthi ubonise isithombe esikhundleni sombhalo
  • I-ToggleButton
    • Inkinobho engakwazi ukugcina isimo sayo sicindezelwe ize icindezelwe futhi.
  • Ibhokisi lokuhlola
    • Inkinobho efana neToggleButton esebenza njengebhokisi lokuhlola.

Sesibonile ukuthi i-TextView isebenza kanjani phambilini, ngoba kufanele ifake umbhalo kuphela. Kuhlelo imibhalo esemthethweni singathola izinketho ezisezingeni eliphakeme njengokuhlukahluka kwefonti, usayizi wombhalo, umbala, nokunye okuningi.

Izinkinobho zinentshisekelo enkulu, ngoba ngandlela thile kufanele sihlanganise isenzo nazo. Sizobona izindlela ezimbili. Kokukodwa, sihlobanisa ngqo isenzo esikwikhodi yomsebenzi wethu:

[html]
Inkinobho yenkinobho = (Inkinobho) thola i-ViewById (R.id.button1);
inkinobho.setOnClickListener (new View.OnClickListener () {
i-public void onClick (View v) {
I-DisplayToast ("Ucindezele inkinobho");
}
});
[/ html]

Nansi ukhiye i-id esiyinikeze into efayilini le-XML, siyayidinga ukuyithola kukhodi. Ngayo, singahlanganisa isenzo esisidingayo. Enye indlela kungaba ukufaka i-elementi "android: onClick =" btnClicked "kunkinobho ye-XML, bese ufaka indlela enegama elibonisiwe ngqo kukhodi yomsebenzi:

[html]
i-public void onClick (View v) {
I-DisplayToast ("Ucindezele inkinobho");
}
[/ html]

Kwi-CheckBox noma i-ToggleButton singenza into efana nendlela yokuqala. Sithola ireferensi nge-findViewById, bese sisebenzisa ucezu olulandelayo:

[html]
inkinobho.setOnCheckedChangeListener (i-OnCheckedChangeListener entsha) () {
I- @Override public void onCheckedChanged (CompoundButton buttonView, boolean isChecked) {
if (isChecked) DisplayToast ("Usebenze inkinobho");
enye i-DisplayToast ("Ukhubaze inkinobho");
}
});
[/ html]


Unentshisekelo ku:
Ungawasusa kanjani amagciwane ku-Android
Silandele Ezindabeni ze-Google

Shiya umbono wakho

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  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.

  1.   I-CHIVA kusho
    kwenza iminyaka 10

    Sawubona bitch igama lami ngiyimbuzi
    Ngifuna ukubhebhana no-Ivan

    Phendula u-CHIVA
  2.   Umfana waseCuba kusho
    kwenza iminyaka 10

    Wumakhelwane omuhle kanjani umakhelwane omuhle indawo yakini ye-nigga engeke ifanele nepeni kepha inodaka

    Phendula u-El cubano
  3.   LOUSE kusho
    kwenza iminyaka 10

    Ngifuna ukubhebhana ne-chuy

    Phendula ku-LICE
  4.   I-HAIDE kusho
    kwenza iminyaka 10

    Ngilifaka kanjani i-apk? Kuyaphuthuma !!

    Phendula ku-HAIDE
    1.    UFrancisco Ruiz kusho
      kwenza iminyaka 10

      Uthatha ifayela le-apk bese ulikopisha kwi-sdcard noma kwimemori yangaphakathi yesiginali lapho unquma ukufaka khona. Ngemuva kwalokho, nganoma yimuphi umhloli wefayela ufaka indlela oyinamathisele kuyo futhi ngokuchofoza kuyo izosebenza ngokuzenzakalela. Uma ibuyisa iwindi elincane ngenkinobho ebeka izilungiselelo, kufanele uchofoze kuyo ukuze wenze kusebenze izimvume ukuze ukwazi ukufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza ezivela emithonjeni engaziwa.

      Phendula uFrancisco Ruiz
  5.   ludovico kusho
    kwenza iminyaka 9

    UMnu. Kusho ukuthini ukufanekisa kwe-Android?
    L

    Phendula ku-ludovico
  6.   I-TUGFA kusho
    kwenza iminyaka 8

    IGFA YAKHO INESITITI esingamamitha angama-20 kanti neCHIVA siyidla

    Phendula iTUGFA
  7.   Damian kusho
    kwenza iminyaka 8

    ingxenye ethi
    i-public void onClick (View v) {
    I-DisplayToast ("Ucindezele inkinobho");
    }
    kufanele
    igebe lomphakathi btnClicked (View v) {
    I-DisplayToast ("Ucindezele inkinobho");
    }

    Phendula u-damian