Phantse iminyaka esibhozo eyadlulayo, ingxelo yokuqala yenkqubo yokusebenza ehamba phambili kwintengiso yefowuni ephathekayo yaphuma. Ngokuqinisekileyo, uninzi lwenu khange nilifumane ithuba lokuzama inguqulelo yokuqala ye-beta okanye iinguqulelo zokuqala ze-Android. Ngenxa yoko, silungiselele olu luhlu lulandelayo lwazo zonke iinguqulelo ezisemthethweni ze-Android apho sijonga khona, ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekugqibeleni, iimpawu kunye nokubonakala kwabo.

I-Android Beta

Ikhutshwe nge NgoNovemba 5 ukusuka kwi2007. Akukho nto ingako yokuthetha malunga ne-beta yokuqala yale nkqubo yokusebenza, kuba njengazo zonke ii-betas zenzelwe ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwayo ngokuchanekileyo nangokugqibeleleyo. I-SDK yakhutshwa nge-12 kaNovemba ngo-2007.

I-Android 1.0 Apple Pie

Yakhutshwa ngoSeptemba 23, 2008. Isixhobo sokuqala ukubetha emarikeni ngale nkqubo yokusebenza yayiyi Iphupha le-HTC. Nangona inokubonakala ngathi iyimbali xa ithelekiswa neenguqulelo zanamhlanje, yeza ixhotyiswe kakuhle.

Ibandakanya intengiso ye-Android, ukungqamanisa neGmail kunye nomdlali weevidiyo zeYouTube phakathi kwabanye. Izicelo ezithi, nangona kule mihla zibonakala zibalulekile nakweyiphi na i-smartphone, ngelo xesha imele inqanaba elitsha kumzi mveliso weefowuni. Nantsi itafile enezicelo ezifakwe kwi Android 1.0:

I-Android 1.1 Isonka seBhanana

Njengokuphela kwesiphelo esasinenkqubo yokusebenza ye-android yayiyi Iphupha le-HTC, uthe uhlaziyo lusebenze kuphela kule ndawo. Ikhutshwe ngoFebruwari 9, 2009 ngaphandle kotshintsho olukhulu. Ukusonjululwa kweebugs kunye nokutshintsha i-API.

Ikhekhe le-Android 1.5

Kuthathe ngaphezulu nje kweenyanga ezimbini ukuba kukhutshwe ingxelo elandelayo. Ngo-Epreli 30, 2009, babandakanya amanqaku amatsha kunye nezilungiso kwakhona ezithandayo umsebenzisi. Ndikushiya itafile ebonisa iindaba ezibandakanya:

 I-Android 1.6 IDonut

Kuncinci ukuphawula kolu hlaziyo. Yaphuma ngo-Septemba 15, 2009 ineenkcukacha ezithile eziphucule unxibelelwano lomsebenzisi kunye nesiphelo. Nalu skrini lwendlela esibonakala ngayo iskrini sasekhaya sale nguqulo:

I-Android 2.0 kunye nasemva koko

Zavela ngo-Okthobha 26, 2009 ukuya kuSeptemba 21, 2011. Mhlawumbi eyona yaziwayo yayi- I-Android 2.3.x Isonka sejinja kuba iqokelela iinguqulelo ezi-7 ezahlukeneyo. Uninzi lotshintsho lugxile kuguqulelo 2.3.0 / 2.3.1, kuba kwiinguqulelo zamva (ukuya kuthi ga ku-2.3.7) zikhona kuphela ukulungisa iibhagi y ukuphucula ukusebenza. Utshintsho oluvakalisiweyo zezi:

I-Android 3.x Inyosi yobusi

I-SDK ye-Honeycomb ye-Android 3.0 yaphuma ngoFebruwari 22, 2011. Eyona nto iphambili yokubeka izimvo kukuba olu hlaziyo lukhona kuphela kwithebhulethi. Ithebhulethi yokuqala yokuba nohlobo lwe-3.0 yayi Motorola Xoom. Nantsi itafile yeenkcukacha:

I-Android 4.0.x Ice Cream Sandwich

I-SDK yayo yaphuma nge-19 ka-Okthobha ka-2011. Yayiyi-Android yokuqala apho abaphathi bayo babhengeza ukuba "yinguqulelo yokuqala ehambelana nethiyori" emva kwenguqulo 2.3. Iimpawu zayo eziphambili zezi:

I-Android 4.1 Jelly Bean

NgoJuni 27, 2012, ingxelo yokuqala yale nkqubo yokusebenza yakhutshwa, ijolise ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kunye nokuphucula amava omsebenzisi. Kubandakanya izibonelelo ezinje nge ulindelo olubambekayo, Isikhuseli kathathu kunye nesantya se 60 fps. I-Nexus 7 sisixhobo sokuqala ukuqhuba le nguqulo.

I-Android 4.2 yeJelly Bean (iGummy Bear)

Akukho nto intsha inqabileyo xa ithelekiswa neyangaphambili. Inye kuphela into onokuyixela yi-anecdote esemva kwengcaciso-ntetho yakhe. Yayiza kubhengezwa kumnyhadala owawuseNew York nge-29 ka-Okthobha ka-2012, kodwa yamiswa yiNkanyamba uSandy. Endaweni yokuphinda ubhengeze umhla omtsha womsitho, bawubhengeze ngokukhutshwa emaphephandabeni.

I-Android 4.3 Jelly Bean

Yayisungulwa nge-24 kaJulayi ka-2013 kwaye yaqala ngesizukulwane sesibini se-Nexus 7 ngoJulayi 30, 2013. Nazi iinguqu eziphambili:

I-Android 4.4 KitKat

Izinketho ezongeziweyo zinomdla ngakumbi. Ukuprinta ngeWiFi, iindlela ezimfutshane ze ngokutyibilika ngakumbi okanye amalungiselelo ka Ukusebenza kwebhetri zezona zibalulekileyo.

I-Android 5.0 Lollipop

Luhlaziyo lwamva nje lwe-Android ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Iqale ukukhutshwa ngoDisemba ka-2014. Kungekudala emva koko, yaqala ukusasazwa 5.0.1 Lollipop kunye nohlobo 5.0.2.

Ngo-Epreli 21 uGoogle waqala ukwenza i-Android 5.1.1 kwaye, ngexesha lengqungquthela yonjiniyela ka-I / O ka-2015, yabhengezwa Android M , owangena ezihlangwini zikaLollipop.

Nantsi itafile enezona zinto zibalulekileyo ze-Android 5.0: